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Date: November 2017
Source: European Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) Reporting
Service 11/2017/206 [edited]
<http://archives.eppo.int/ EPPOReporting/2017/Rse-1711. pdf>

_Ditylenchus destructor_ (EU Annexes) occurs in Inner Mongolia, China.
In July 2016, lesions were observed on potatoes (_Solanum tuberosum_)
collected from Hohhot. Laboratory studies (morphology, molecular and
pathogenicity tests) confirmed the identity of the nematode. The
infested field has been subjected to strict quarantine measures to
prevent any further spread.
[<https://apsjournals.apsnet. org/doi/full/10.1094/PDIS-04- 17-0466-PDN>]
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[Potato rot (or tuber) nematode (PRN), _Ditylenchus destructor_, has
been reported to cause serious yield losses in potato crops in some
temperate regions. It can also affect a range of other crops,
including carrots, onion, beets, parsnips, tomato, peanut, hops and
lucerne, as well as a number of ornamentals and weeds. On potato,
above ground plant parts do not show symptoms, but damage only becomes
obvious at harvest. Affected tubers show spotted, dry, cracked skin
and often develop secondary soft rot. Infection occurs mostly in the
field, but tubers will continue to decay in storage as nematodes move
into healthy tissue.

Factors influencing development and spread of PRN are not yet fully
understood. Distribution in the field is erratic and difficult to
predict and outbreaks may occur suddenly. PRN can be spread with
infected soil, water, contaminated equipment and plant material
(including seed potatoes) and can also spread actively in storage.
Disease management may include exclusion, long crop rotation with
non-host species, control of potential pathogen reservoirs and soil
treatments with nematicides (drenching or fumigation). Use of
certified clean seed tubers is crucial. Eradication of soil nematodes
is extremely difficult.

The related species _D. dipsaci_ (stem and bulb nematode) is also a
serious pathogen of potato and some other vegetable crops. _D.
angustus_, the rice stem nematode, causes serious disease of
deep-water rice ("Ufra"), as well as irrigated and rain-fed lowland
rice, mainly in Asia.

Maps
China:
<http://www.beijing-travels. com/image/chinamap.jpg> and
<http://www.maps-of-china.net/ images/chinamap.gif> (with provinces)
Inner Mongolia, with location of Hohhot:
<http://images. chinahighlights.com/ allpicture/2015/04/ 8940670382ae448ebb0ebbaa.jpg>

Pictures
PRN symptoms on potato tubers:
<http://www.potatopro.com/ pictures/potato%20rot% 20nematode.png> and
<http://www.insectimages.org/ images/768x512/0660011.jpg>
PRN symptoms on carrots:
<http://ephytia.inra.fr/fr/I/ 20019/hypp-Ditylenchus- destructor>,
<http://www.invasive.org/ images/768x512/5389819.jpg> and
<http://www.forestryimages. org/images/768x512/5389820.jpg >
Photo gallery of PRN symptoms on different hosts:
<http://www.ipmimages.org/ browse/subimages.cfm?sub=11068 >
_D. destructor_:
<http://agrosbornik.ru/images/ sborniki/078.JPG> and
<https://nematode.unl.edu/ didest.htm> (photo gallery)

Links
PRN information:
<https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/ DITYDE>,
<https://www.plantwise.org/ KnowledgeBank/Datasheet.aspx? dsid=19286>,
<https://www.cabi.org/isc/ datasheet/19286>,
<http://pestsurvey.wi.gov/ plantdisease/pdf/potato/ PotatoRotNematodeFastFacts.pdf >
and
<http://nematode.unl.edu/ ditylenchusdest.htm>
_D. destructor_ pathogen information:
<http://plpnemweb.ucdavis.edu/ nemaplex/taxadata/g042s2.htm> and
<https://www7.inra.fr/hyppz/ RAVAGEUR/6ditdes.htm>
_D. destructor_ taxonomy:
<http://www.uniprot.org/ taxonomy/166010>
EU Annexes via:
<http://ec.europa.eu/ environment/cites/species_en. htm>. - Mod.DHA]

[See Also:
2014
----
Stem nematode, rice - Myanmar: (AY)
http://promedmail.org/post/ 20141114.2954027
2011
----
Stem & bulb nematode, garlic - USA: (NY)
http://promedmail.org/post/ 20111117.3388
Potato rot nematode, garlic - Canada: (ON)
http://promedmail.org/post/ 20110825.2589
2005
----
Quarantine pests, new data - EPPO (03): Lithuania 2004
http://promedmail.org/post/ 20051104.3226
2004
----
Quarantine pests, survey - Bulgaria: 2001-2003
http://promedmail.org/post/ 20040710.1852
Quarantine pests, 2003 - Lithuania
http://promedmail.org/post/ 20040708.1831
2002
----
Quarantine pests, 2002 - Lithuania
http://promedmail.org/post/ 20030716.1747]
.............................. ...................dha/ec/mpp
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