ProMED
http://www.promedmail.org

Source: Agro News [in Polish, machine trans., summ. Mod.DHA, edited]
https://agronews.com.pl/artykul/woda-z-grozna-bakteria-az-w-4-wojewodztwach-zagrozone-uprawy-pomidorow-i-ziemniakow/

In June 2022, the bacterium _Ralstonia solanacearum_ was detected for the first time in surface water (rivers, ponds, drainage constructs) in Lower Silesia. Samples had been taken since 2011.

This year [2024], positive results have been obtained so far from Lower Silesia, Opole, Lodz, and West Pomerania. Further samples are being taken from the waters and solanaceous plants growing on their banks, in order to finally determine the range of the infestation zone.

The bacterium is a very serious threat, in particular to potato and tomato crops, to which it can spread by using infected surface water for irrigation. Therefore, where surface water has been deemed infected (sections of rivers, reservoirs or their parts covered by the infestation zone), it is prohibited to use these sources for irrigation.

In the affected provinces, it is recommended to monitor primarily potato and tomato crops. If symptoms are observed, contact the Provincial Plant Protection and Seed Inspectorate immediately. The bacterium is included in the list of quarantine pests for the European Union and is therefore subject to annual surveys and mandatory eradication, if found.

[Byline: Agata Molenda]

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Communicated by:
ProMED

[The _Ralstonia solanacearum_ (previously _Pseudomonas solanacearum_) species complex (Rss) currently includes _R. solanacearum_ (sensu stricto), _R. pseudosolanacearum_, and _R. syzygii_. The bacteria affect more than 200 plant species, including many important crops from a range of families. Various races and biovars are active under different climatic conditions and in different hosts. Major crop diseases due to members of Rss include bacterial wilt of tomato and brown rot of potato. These pathogens can also affect other solanaceous crops.

The bacteria are spread by mechanical means (including insect activities), contaminated equipment, infected plant material, soil, and water. They can survive in soil on plant debris or roots of hosts. Some weeds and volunteer crop plants may serve as pathogen reservoirs. Disease management is difficult, relying mostly on exclusion from new areas and use of certified clean planting material. Some cultural methods (such as crop rotation), control of pathogen reservoirs, and phytosanitary measures may be used. Biological control is being investigated. For solanaceous crops, some varieties with levels of genetic resistance exist for certain growing conditions.

Pictures
Potato brown rot symptoms:
http://www.fsvps.ru/fsvps-docs/img/core/2014-4/mk4ymkuhfs.jpg,
http://plantpath.ifas.ufl.edu/rsol/images/Modules/Sptme1_BR.gif and
https://www.overtopinfo.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Bacterial-Wilt-of-Potato.jpg
Bacterial wilt symptoms on tomato plants:
https://giantveggiegardener.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/bacterial-wilt-u-of-wisconsin.jpg

Links
Rss pathogen and disease information:
https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/RALSSO (with pictures),
http://www.oisat.org/pests/diseases/bacterial/bacterial_wilt.html,
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1364-3703.2002.00102.x,
http://iant.toulouse.inra.fr/bacteria/annotation/cgi/ralso.cgi and
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00715
Brown rot of potato:
http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/php/review/2009/ralstonia/,
https://doi.org/10.1079/cabicompendium.45009 and
https://plantpath.ifas.ufl.edu/rsol/Trainingmodules/BRPotato_Module.html
Bacterial wilt of tomato:
http://www.tomatodirt.com/bacterial-wilt.html and
https://plantpath.ifas.ufl.edu/rsol/Trainingmodules/BWTomato_Module.html
Rss races and biovars:
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-081211-173000,
https://doi.org/10.1094/PHP-04-18-0015-DG and
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326569728_Characterization_of_biovar_races_of_Ralstonia_solanacearum_the_incitant_of_bacterial_wilt_in_solanaceous_crops (tomato and other Solanaceae)
Taxonomy of members of Rss via:
https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy
- Mod.DHA